Tampons & Toxic Shock Syndrome

From the time you started using tampons, you have heard about toxic shock syndrome (TSS). You probably learned that this was an illness, that it was bad, and that it was somehow the result of wearing tampons. With that knowledge, you’ve tried to be diligent about your tampon use and you may even be very conscious about how your body feels during this time.

BUT do you know what this infection really is or the symptoms that go along with it?

Here are the facts about TSS.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare infection caused by bacteria. Although the relationship isn’t completely clear, superabsorbent tampons appear to be a related cause. Researchers suggest that it may not be the tampon itself that causes the illness, but the environment it provides for the bacteria to grow. Prolonged use increases bacteria growth in the vagina. In addition to tampons, contraceptives like sponges and diaphragms can facilitate bacteria growth too. 

TSS can also occur in non-menstruating individuals like post-menopausal women, children, and men. This occurs when the bacteria enters in skin wounds or during surgery. 

What are the symptoms?

-    High fever (102 F or above)
-    Vomiting
-    Diarrhea
-    Sunburn-like rash, even on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
-    Red eyes
-    Dizziness
-    Lightheadedness
-    Muscle aches
-    Drop in blood pressure
-    Shock, kidney and/or liver failure

If you experience these symptoms, contact you medical provider. This is especially important if you are on your period, just finished your cycle, have been wearing tampons or have a skin or wound infection.

How can I prevent TSS?

You can prevent TSS by alternating tampon and pad use. When you use a tampon, choose the lowest absorbency that will fit your needs and change it as often as directed (typically every 4-8 hours). If your flow is very light, avoid using a tampon at all. You should wash your hands before inserting a new one.

If you have ever been diagnosed with TSS, do NOT use tampons.

Sources:
"Toxic Shock Syndrome and Tampons." Mckinley.illinois.edu. McKinley Health Center, 22 Oct. 2008. Web. 17 June 2013. <http://www.mckinley.illinois.edu/handouts/toxic_shock_syndrome.html>.

"Toxic Shock Syndrome." Kids Health. Nemours, n.d. Web. 17 June 2013. <http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/skin/toxic_shock.html>.

"Toxic Shock Syndrome." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 07 May 2011. Web. 17 June 2013. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/toxic-shock-syndrome/DS00221>